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Wednesday, October 21, 2020

 道紀




14
道德經:
視之不見,名曰夷;聽之不聞,名曰希;搏之不得,名曰微。
此三者不可致詰,故混而為一。
其上不皦,其下不昧。
繩繩不可名,復歸於無物。
是謂無狀之狀,無物之象,是謂惚恍。
迎之不見其首,隨之不見其後。
執古之道,以御今之有。
能知古始,是謂道紀

Dao De Jing:
(The manifestation of the mystery)

We look at it, and we do not see it, and we name it 'the Equable.'
We listen to it, and we do not hear it, and we name it 'the Inaudible.'
We try to grasp it and do not get hold of it, and we name it 'the Subtle.'
With these three qualities, it cannot be made the subject of description; and hence we blend them together and obtain The One.
Its upper part is not bright, and its lower part is not obscure.
Ceaseless in its action, it yet cannot be named, and then it again returns and becomes nothing.
This is called the Form of the Formless, and the Semblance of the Invisible; this is called the Fleeting and Indeterminable.
We meet it and do not see its Front; we follow it and do not see its Back.
When we can lay hold of the Dao of old to direct the things of the present day, and are able to know it as it was of old in the beginning, this is called (unwinding) the clue of Dao.


[原文]

視而不見名曰夷①;聽之不聞名曰希②;搏之不得名曰微③。此三者不可致詰④,故混而為一⑤。其上不徼⑥,其下不昧⑦,繩繩兮⑧不可名,復歸於無物⑨。是謂無狀之狀,無物之象,是謂惚恍⑩。迎之不見其首,隨之不見其後。執古之道,以御今之有⑾。能知古始,是謂道紀⑿。


[譯文]

道,看它看不見,把它叫做「夷」;聽它聽不到,把它叫做「希」;摸它摸不到,把它叫做「微」。看,聽,摸三種方法都無法了解清楚 道,它原本就渾然為一體。它的上面不顯得光明;它的下面也不顯得陰影,無頭無緒、延綿不絕卻又不可稱名,主宰一切運動卻又能回復到無形無象的狀態。這就是無形之物,不生不滅,這就是無法用語言形容「惚惚恍恍」的道。迎着它,看不見它的前頭,跟着它,也看不見它的後頭。認識早已存在的「道」,能發現道是駕御自然一切萬物的主宰。通過道能認識、了解宇宙的初始,這就叫做認識「道」的規律。


[注釋]

①夷:無色。

②希:無聲。

③微:無形。以上夷、希、微三個名詞都是用來形容人的感官無法把握住"道"。這三個名詞都是幽而不顯的意思。

④致詰:詰,音ji(陽平),意為追問、究問、反問。致詰意為思議。

⑤一:本章的一指"道"。

⑥徼:音jiao(上聲)。清白、清晰、光明之意。

⑦昧:陰暗。這裏指陰影。

⑧繩繩:不清楚、紛芸不絕。

⑨無物:無形狀的物,即"道"。

⑩惚恍:若有若無,閃爍不定。

⑾有:指具體事物。

⑿古始:宇宙的原始,或"道"的初始。

⒀道紀:"道"的綱紀,即"道"的規律。


[引語]

本章是描述「道」體的。道即一,即心。老子講出了萬物同一心體的道理。道是一切生命科學的源頭。幾千年前的古人早已發現了科學理論。然而近代以來我們仍然在研究西方科學。這是民族的悲哀。



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