Pérouse Médium

M'M•

Marie-Louise

Παρουσία "Parousia" (parousia), a word fairly common in Greek, with the meaning "presence"

(2 Corinthians 10:10; Philippians 2:12).

More especially it may mean "presence after an absence, 無後之有" "arrival 現世"

(but not "return, 回" unless this is given by the context ⇒ 歸).

回

ancient script

𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌆𐌄

𐌌 the thirteenth letter of the archaic Etruscan alphabet,

the eleventh letter of the Oscan and classical Etruscan alphabets, and

the sixth letter of the Alphabet of Lugano;

equivalent to the letter M of the Roman alphabet;

transliterated ⟨m⟩;

and bearing the letter name em.

Etruscan alphabet: 𐌀 𐌁 𐌂 𐌃 𐌄 𐌅 𐌆 𐌇 𐌈 𐌉 𐌊 𐌋 𐌌 𐌍 𐌎 𐌏 𐌐 𐌑 𐌒 𐌓 𐌔 𐌕 𐌖 𐌗 𐌘 𐌙 𐌚

φersna, ancient Etruscan name of Perusia (Perugia)

Etruscan Perusna, Persna, Pherusina, Latin Perusia, Italian Perugia.

The Etruscan dodecapolis is the set of twelve Etruscan city-states which, according to tradition, in Etruria, formed a very loose alliance of a religious nature that historians call the Etruscan league, confederation or federation.

Etruscologists, based on the rare literary sources of antiquity and analyzing Etruscan inscriptions, have made various conjectures about the functioning of this institution. Of the annual meetings at the Fanum Voltumnae, it is unclear whether they were solely religious, or whether they also had a political character. As for the rex or the sacerdos of the Latin sources, which presided over them, attempts have been made to identify it with the zilath melch rasnal of certain Etruscan inscriptions.

The twelve Etruscan city-states observe a gradual urban development passing, through a process of synoecism, from proto-urban sites, until forming, during the seventh century BC. AD, vast city complexes.

The latter are characterized in particular by the presence of powerful walls and planimetric schemes affected, for the most part, by a strict rectilinear regularity.

Originally composed only of a league of twelve city-states, the Etruscan dodecapolis would, if Greek and Latin sources are to be believed, increased on its margins by two other leagues: Etruria of Campania in the south and Padanian Etruria to the north.

Non-Etruscan peoples also joined this league, anxious to counter Roman expansionism: the Falisci and the Capenati.

Zilath (taken from the Etruscan zil “to govern”, as well as zilc, name of the corresponding magistracy) designated, among the Etruscans, a magistrate elected for one year1. The term appears in Etruscan inscriptions in the 6th century BC. The most important zilath was undoubtedly the zilath meχl rasnal. It was long believed that the zilath meχl rasnal was the head of the federation of the twelve Etruscan cities, elected by the assembly of Volsini. However, today, the majority of Etruscologists agree that this Etruscan title referred not to the head of the Etruscan league, but to the supreme magistrate of the Etruscan republics. It was sort of the equivalent of the Roman consul.